Banks are generally not permitted to use a simple “100% match”, because this would make it too easy for sanctioned individuals to sidestep the sanctions controls, for example by misspelling one character, changing the order of names, or using initials instead of names. Instead, banks use “fuzzy logic matching”, which compares how close the two names are to ensure that similar names still trigger alerts. For example, if there is an international terrorist called “Jonathan Smith”, payments to “Jon Smith” or “Johnathan Smith” may also be flagged because they may be attempts to pay the person on the sanctions list. Sophisticated screening software may also compare names that “sound like” other names and will be aware of common nicknames for formal names (eg Robert is often shortened to Bob).